The pressing question of how to choose a septic tank for a private house is increasingly facing the owners of suburban real estate. The whole reason is that even a villager today is very much spoiled by the benefits of civilization and seeks to provide himself with a comfortable living even outside the urban environment. The use of a warm toilet, shower and plumbing appliances almost anywhere has become possible with the advent of cheap materials for autonomous sewage. Its main component is a structure for the accumulation and disposal of household wastewater from the house, which is called a septic tank.
The septic tank is closed with a lid, which can be easily removed if necessary
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What are the septic tanks for use in country houses
The cheapest and simplest option for a septic tank is a large tank or any sealed container that includes a sewer drain pipe. This container is buried in the ground below the depth of soil freezing. Most often it is more than 1.5 m from the surface. In fact, such a device is an ordinary cesspool, only the tightness is not broken in it, and water does not enter the soil surrounding the container.
Since such systems belong to storage systems, liquid water remains in them. In the case of even a minimum of household appliances and a shower, filling occurs quickly enough, so regular pumping is required, which costs money. Nevertheless, due to the relative availability of this type of septic tank in rural areas, people without exception use it to equip their homes.
Sewerage in a private house using a septic tank
Useful advice! The problem of the need for frequent pumping of a storage septic tank can be solved in a simple and logical way - by increasing the volume of the tank. It is most convenient to bury a tank equal in volume to a cistern of a sewer truck. This is approximately 5 - 6 m³ for a tank car based on a GAZ or ZIL vehicle and 8 - 10 m³ based on a KAMAZ vehicle. From experience, it can be said that filling an 8-cc tank with a family of 4 people using all plumbing fixtures takes 3 weeks.
Mounting dimensions of a septic tank on the example of the Rostok model
If you still have a question, how to choose a septic tank for a private house, the price of which is minimal, the answer is simple. This is the storage capacity. The cost of such a tank made of artisanal metal is about $ 60. for 1 m³. That is, a 5 m³ container will cost $ 300, and about $ 100 more. will go to pay for the excavator, although this expense item is the same for all types of septic tanks. In the future, you will have to constantly monitor that the capacity does not overflow and pay the flusher about $ 7. for the removal of sewage.
Septic tank device
The second version of septic tanks provides for the organization of the separation of effluents into components of different density. In this case, the harder waste accumulates in the tank, while the liquid waste simply goes into the ground after settling. Water after such preliminary treatment is not suitable even for technical use as irrigation for plants. At the same time, it is safe enough for the soil, passing through which it is filtered until it enters the aquifers.
Installation of a septic tank in the courtyard of a private house
The advantage, and significant, of such septic tanks is that, having an acceptable cost, they do not require as much attention and maintenance as storage tanks. The disadvantage of such local stations is that it is forbidden to install them on an area where there is a sufficiently high level of groundwater or clayey soil that is not able to filter wastewater.
In addition, it is forbidden to bury them in those areas where water is supplied from wells or wells... Therefore, before choosing a septic tank for a private house, the price of which does not exceed reasonable limits, and the efficiency is high enough, it is necessary to thoroughly study the characteristics of the soils on your site. The depth where the groundwater occurs is also important.
Filtered liquids can be used for watering plants
Local treatment plant
If you have the financial resources and want to equip your country house with modern wastewater treatment facilities, you need to purchase a local treatment plant. For options on how to choose a septic tank for a private house, the price of which can exceed $ 200, read on.
The device and scheme of the septic tank
In a local treatment plant, wastewater is completely purified by sedimentation and filtration to such a state that its direction is permissible, for example, for watering plants. Purification is carried out in them not only in a multistage system of mechanical filtration, but also with the help of biologically active preparations, which are colonies of anaerobic bacteria that process metabolic products and organic impurities.
An example of an autonomous wastewater treatment system in an area dominated by poorly permeable soil
Such installations are devoid of any drawbacks, except for the price, which is unbearable for the general population. In addition, aeration in these devices is carried out using electric ventilation, which makes it impossible to use such a system in areas where there are prolonged power outages.
Useful advice! The use of multi-stage biological filter plants involves gradual accumulation of the substrate. Moreover, it is an excellent fertilizer for any crops. Care must be taken to remove it from the container and move it to the garden, which can be done in spring and autumn.
Septic tank with three cleaning chambers
How to choose a septic tank for a private house
In addition to the above criteria, there are others that can be used to divide existing septic tanks into types. So, the method of placement in the pit is also an important argument in the question of how to choose a septic tank for a private house. After all, there are areas that are very small or only 2 - 3 meters to the neighboring fence. In such a situation, you may prefer to choose a septic tank with a vertical arrangement.
For him, of course, you will have to dig a pit deeper, but he will perfectly save space in breadth. However, this installation option is not suitable, for obvious reasons, in areas where groundwater is close to the surface. A horizontal device would be preferred here.
Installation diagram of a three-chamber septic tank with a well
Useful advice! It is necessary to keep in mind that the septic tank should be located more than 50 m from the water supply source, at least 5 m from the house, even the neighbor's.Compliance with these rules will ensure your sanitary safety.
An example of using a septic tank in your own area
Drain cleaners also differ in the material of which their body is made. Today, in addition to metal and concrete structures, there are:
- polyethylene septic tanks... They are the most popular for their astonishingly low cost and lightness. At the same time, plastic does not tolerate adverse conditions very well, especially temperature drops. Although modern types of polymers may well compete with metals in these indicators. If you do not know how to choose septic tanks for a private house, the price of which is lower, stop at this option. Modern polyethylene wastewater purifiers are a good budget option for every country house or cottage. They are quite capable of withstanding temperature jumps and the destructive influence of aggressive chemical components of effluents. They are produced in any form using seamless technology from multilayer plastic, which significantly increases the reliability and strength of the container;
Diagram of the movement of drains inside the septic tank
- polypropylene septic tank renowned for its high strength and low susceptibility to very high temperatures. It is able to absorb liquid with temperatures up to 140 degrees. If you decide to install a very durable version of a septic tank, which practically does not lend itself to corrosion, then the polypropylene version is just right;
An example of the location of a septic tank, filter and wells on the site of a country house
- fiberglass cleaner even more durable than polypropylene. The material for its manufacture is made from resin. The walls of such containers are reinforced with reinforcement. For this, fiberglass is used. If you have no idea how to choose a septic tank for a private house, where a lot of chemicals are used during the operation of the household, then this option is the best fit. The chemical properties of fiberglass are so unique that they can be used even in very inhospitable environments. Therefore, such treatment plants are often used in car washes.
Diagram for arranging a septic tank with your own hands
We have considered several aspects that should help answer the question of how to choose a septic tank for a private house. Of course, a lot depends on personal prejudices and local conditions, so everyone makes their own choice, and the article provides only guidelines for this.
Related article:
Do-it-yourself septic tank from concrete rings, construction scheme. An independent device for a private country house, cottage or summer cottage. The nuances of laying concrete rings in pits for cleaning devices.
Septic tanks for a private house (video)
